Apparatus for dispensing a mixture of two liquids in any continuously variable ratio



Nova 24, 1959 A. CHIANTELASSA 2,914,219

APPARATUS FOR DISPENSING A MIXTURE OF TWO LIQUIDS- IN ANY CONTINUOUSLYVARIABLE RATIO Filed April 1 1957 .7/ INVENTOR. 0mm 4L-wmrm 5 2g s W-Wh'United States Patent APPARATUS FOR DISPENSING A MIXTURE OF TWO LIQUIDSIN ANY CONTINUOUSLY VARL ABLE RATIO Attilio Chiantelassa, Turin, ItalyApplication April 11, 1957, Serial No. 652,250 Claims priority,application Italy April 12, 1956 7 Claims. (Cl. 222-134) The presentinvention relates to an apparatus for dispensing a mixture of twoliquids in any continuously variable ratio.

Numerous types of apparatus of this kind are already known whichdispense a mixture of two liquids, for example those which are used fordispensing a mixture of oil and petrol for motor scooters, but suchapparatus are subject to appreciable errors in measurement, or are ofcomplicated construction and hence delicate in operation, especiallythose apparatus which dispense the sum of two separate amounts.

.The invention aims to avoid these disadvantages.

According to the invention the apparatus comprises three grouped pumps,one of which has a large delivery of constant capacity for the basicliquid and the other two having a small capacity, one of them operatingon the basic liquid and the other on additive liquid. The twolast-mentioned pumps are coupled together so as to have capacities whichare variable individually, but provide a constant total capacity.

In order that the invention may be clearly understood, an example of itfor dispensing a mixture of petrol (gasoline) as the basic liquid andoil as added liquid, will now be described with reference to theaccompanying drawing, in which:

Fig. l is a vertical sectional elevation of the principal pumparrangement,

Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional elevation on the line AA in Fig. 1 andFig. 3 is a diagrammatic view of a device for regulating the lowcapacity pumps which are operatively coupled together.

In the example shown, the three pumps are of the same type and areformed of a group of rotating pistons actuated by an adjustable controlplate member.

1 indicates the basic liquid main pump of large and constant capacity, 2is a basic liquid control pump of small capacity and 3 an additiveliquid control pump of small capacity.

The pumps 2 and 3 are operatively coupled together as hereinafterdescribed.

The pump 1 comprises a housing 4, within which there are arranged fivecylinders 5 with pistons 6 having piston rods 7.

The group of cylinders 5 can rotate around the axis H-H formed by adrive shaft 8, on which there is fixed a perforated plate 9, throughwhich the rods 7 pass.

During their rotation, the openings 50 of the cylinders 5 alternativelypass in front of an inlet 10 and outlet 11 for the basic liquidgasoline.

The rods 7 terminate in balls 12 acting on an inclined (plate 13 whichis secured to shaft 8 and rotates in bearings 14 on an inclined controlplate 15 which is fixed to the housing of the meters by pivot means, notshown, located forwardly and rearwardly of shaft 8 in Fig. 1 so "icethat control plate 15 is adjustable to about an axis perpendicular'tothe motor axis.

The pumps 2 and 3 are substantially constructed as pump 1 and comprise aseries of cylinders 5' with pistons 6', the rods 7 of which bear againstplates 13 and 13 of variable inclination which are turnably supported oncontrol plates 15, 15" mounted on pivot means 115.

The inclination of the respective plate 15, 15" determines the strokesof the individual pistons and hence the amounts of liquid dispensed.

The whole is contained in housings 141 and 142 to form units similar tothat described in connection with the pump 1. inlets 30 and outlets 31are provided in ihousings 141, 142. One inlet 30 is connected to an oilreservoir, and the other inlet to a gasoline reservoir to which inlet 10in housing 4 is also connected. Outlets 31 and outlet 11 are connectedto a dispensing hose, not shown.

An input shaft 8' drives through bevel gears 16 and 16 and shaft17. Bymeans of an ordinary set of bevel gears 16 and 16',.the shaft 8 rotatesshaft 17 to which are keyed the cylinders 5' of the pistons 6 and therotary plates 13, 13".

The two control plates .15, 15" of variable inclination of pumps 2 and 3of small capacity are connected together by the linkage device shown inFigs. 2 and 3, formed of two levers 18 and 19 joined by a link 20,members 20a, 20b, movements of which cause angular displacement oflevers 18, 19 and consequently a variation in inclination of the plates15, 15" and 13, 13" connected to them, with consequent variations in thestrokes of the pistons of the two groups. These variations in the strokeof the pistons of the two groups are equal but opposite in sense. Thefluid pressure in cylinders 5 urges levers 18, 19 against members 20a,20b.

The arrangement is such that pump 1 dispenses an amount equal to, say,whilst the sum of the amounts of the pumps 2 and 3 is equal to theremaining 20%.

.The amounts of these last two pumps are in phase opposition. If forexample pump 2 dispenses an amount of 12%, pump 3 will deliver theamount of 8%, so that altogether there will be a mixture consisting of92% gasoline and 8% of oil.

By actuating the link 20, it is possible to vary these percentages, thatof the gasoline becoming, for example, and that of the oil 10% since thepiston strokes of pumps 2, 3 vary corresponding to the inclinations ofthe simultaneously adjusted plates, 13', 13".

The apparatus is simple and reliable, there being no necessity for anintegrating apparatus, which measures the individual amounts of the twoliquids and then gives the total amount.

The total amount is always constant, the proportion of the two liquidsbeing varied at will simply by adjusting a lever.

A summing device mounted on the shaft 8' actuating an indicator canindicate the total quantity of liquid delivered. I

if desired, the quantity of oil can be reckoned separately, either bymeans of a variable ratio drive take-off or a small liquid deliverymeter, for example of the capsule type.

If it is desired to go outside the range of ratios of mixtures employed,it is merely necessary to change the bevel gears 16' and 16.

By means, of simple devices of a purely mechanical character, theapparatus may distribute only one of the two liquids concerned.

1. Apparatus for dispensing a mixture of two fluids in a variable ratiocomprising, in combination, a main pump of large capacity for pumping aconstant amount of a first fluid; a pair of control pumps, for pumpingsaid first fluid and a second fluid, respectively, said control pumpshaving equal capacity substantially smaller than the capacity of saidmain pump, each control pump including a movable control memberadjustable between a plurality'of positions for varying the amount offluid pumped by the respective control pump; and control meansconnecting said control members of said control pumps for simultaneousadjustment of the positions of said control merna bers in opposite sensefor increasing the amount of fluid pumped by any one control pump andfor simultaneously decreasing the amount of fluidpumped by therespective other control pump to the same extent, whereby a constanttotal amount of said first and second fluids is dis charged by saidpumps while the ratio between the amounts of pumped first and secondfluids can be varied for producing a mixture of said first and secondfluids having a selected ratio.

2. Apparatus for dispensing a mixture of two fluids in a variable ratiocomprising, in combination, a main pump of large capacity for pumping aconstant amount of a first fluid; a pair of control pumps for pumping.said first fluid and a second fluid, respectively, said control pumpshaving equal capacity substantially smaller than the capacity of saidmain pump, each control pump including a set of cylinders revolvableabout a central axis common to both control pumps, and pistons insaidcylinders, each control pump including a control plate memberinclined to said central axis and operatively connected to therespective pistons for actuating said pistons while said cylindersrevolve about said central axis, each control member being adjustableabout an axis perpendicular to said central axis, between a plurality ofpositions for varying the amount of fluid pumped by the respectivecontrol pump; and control means connecting said control plate .membersof said control pumps for simultaneous adjustment of the positions ofsaid control plate members in opposite sense by turning the same aboutsaid perpendicular axes for increasing the amount of fluid pumped by anyone control pump and for simultaneously decreasing the amount of fluidpumped by the respective other control pump to the same extent, wherebya constant total amount of said first and second fluids is discharged bysaid pumps while the ratio between the amounts of pumped first andsecond fluids can be varied for producing a mixture of said first andsecond fluids having a selected ratio.

3. An apparatus as set forth in claim 2, and including piston rodssecured to each of said pistons and projecting from said cylinders; andwherein each of said control plate members includes a control plateadjustable about the respective perpendicular axis and connected to saidcontrol means, and a rotary plate turnably mounted on said control platefor turning movement about said central axis and connected to saidcylinders for turning movement with the same, said rotary plate engagingsaid piston rods of the associated pistons for actuating said pistons.

4. Apparatus for dispensing a mixture of two fluids in a variable ratiocomprising, in combination, a main pump of large capacity for pumping aconstant amount of a first fluid and including a first drive shaft; apair of control pumps for pumping said first fluid and a second fluid,respectively, said control pumps having equal capacity substantiallysmaller than the capacity of said main pump, each control pump includinga movable control member adjustable between a plurality of positions forvarying the amount of fluid pumped by the respective control pump, saidcontrol pumps'having a common second drive shaft; transmission meansconnecting said first drive shaft with said second drive shaft so thatsaid mainpump and said control pumps are simultaneousl operated; and

control means connecting said control members' o'f "said control pumpsfor simultaneous adjustment of the positions of said control members inopposite sense for increasing the amount of fluid pumped by any onecontrol pump and for simultaneously decreasing the amount of fluidpumped by the respective other control pump to the same extent, wherebya constant total amount of said first and second fluids is discharged bysaid pumps while the ratio between the amounts of pumped first andsecond fluids can be varied for producing a mixture of said first andsecond fluids having a selected ratio.

5. Apparatus for dispensing a mixture of two fluids in a variable ratiocomprising, in combination, a main pump of large capacity for pumping aconstant amount of a first fluid and including a first device shaft; apair of control pumps for pumping said first fluid and a second fluid,respectively, said control pumps having equal capacity substantiallysmaller than the capacity of said main pump, each control pump includinga set of cylinders revolvable about a central axis common to bothcontrol pumps, and pistons in said cylinders, each control pumpincluding a control plate member inclined to said central axis andoperatively connected to the respective pistons for actuating saidpistons while said cylinders revolve about said central axis, eachcontrol member being adjustable about an axis perpendicular to saidcentral axis, between a plurality of positions for varying the amount offluid pumped by the respective control pump, said control pumps having acommon second drive shaft secured to said set of cylinders of eachcontrol pump; transmission means connecting said first drive shaft withsaid second drive shaft so that said main pump and said control pumpsare simultaneously operated; and control means connecting said controlplate members of said control pumps for simultaneous adjustment of thepositions vof said control plate members in opposite sense by turningthe same about said perpendicular axes for increasing the amount offluid pumped by any one control pump and for simultaneously descreasingthe amount of fluid pumped by the respective other control pump to thesame extent, whereby a constant total amount of said first and secondfluids is discharged by said pumps While the ratio between the amountsof pumped first and second fluids can be varied for producing a mixtureof said first and second fluids having a selected ratio.

6. An apparatus as set forth in claim 5, wherein said main pump includesa set of cylinders arranged in a circle and secured to said first driveshaft for rotation therewith, aset of pistons in said cylinders, pistonrods projecting from said pistons, and a control plate member having aface inclined to the axis of said first drive shaft and engaging theends of said piston rods for actuating said pistons during rotation ofsaid first drive shaft.

7. Apparatus for dispensing a mixture of two fluids in a variable ratiocomprising, in combination, a pair of control pumps for pumping a firstfluid and a second fluid, respectively, and having equal capacity, eachcontrol pump including a set of cylinders revolvable about a centralaxis common to both control pumps, a set of pistons in said cylinders,piston rods secured to each piston and projecting from said cylinders,and a control member in engagement with the respective associated pistonrods and having a face inclined to said central axis and engaging saidpiston rods for actuating said pistons while said cylinders revolveabout said central axis, each control member being adjustable about anaxis parallel to the corresponding axis of the other control member andperpendicular to said central axis, said control pumps havin a commondrive shaft secured to said set of cylinders of each control pump;control means including an articulated linkage connecting said platecontrol members of said control pumps for simultaneous adjustment of thepositions of said plate control members in opposite sense by turning thesame about said perpendicular axes for increasing the 'amount'offluidipurnped by any one control pumptand for simultaneously decreasingthe amount of 5 6 fluid pumped by the respective other control pump tothe having a desired ratio of said first and second fluids is sameextent, whereby a constant total amount of said first formed.

and second fluids is discharged by said control pumps while the ratiobetween the amount of pumped first and References Cited in the file ofthis patent second fluids can be varied for producing a mixture of 5UNITED STATES PATENTS said first and second fluids having a selectedratio; and a 1,964,028 Boymon et a1 June 26, 1934 main pump for pumpingsaid first fluid and having a sub- 1 9 5 De Lancey Jam 1, 193 5stantially greater capacity than the total capacity of said controlpumps so that when the first fluid discharged by FOREIGN PATENTS saidmain pump is added to said mixture, another mixture 10 763,150 GreatBritain Dec. 5, 1956

